A portrait of Matsudaira Sadanobu, who was the de facto head of state at the beginning of Shogun Tokugawa Ienari’s reign. Source: Public Domain
A Japanese painting of the Russian Imperial Ship Yekaterina, which came to Hokkaido in 1792 to return Japanese castaways. Source: Public Domain
A Japanese painting of Daikokuya Kodayu (left) and his fellow castaway Ishikichi (right). Source: Public Domain
A Japanese painting of Adam Laxman, the leader of the Russian expedition which sought to return castaways and to secure trade rights with Japan. Source: Public Domain
A portrait of Emperor Kokaku, whose humanitarian work during the Great Tenmei Famine may have made some in the Bakufu suspicious of his intentions. Source: Public Domain
